Bumper



H. sum

BUMPER Original Filed July 13, 1922 INVENTOR mue///5)zaw g E BY "*1 1&9ATTORNEY Patented duno 4, H27.

li -NEED STATES I A 1,612,948 PATENT OFFICE.

EABIUEL H. SHAW, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOB T0 UNIVERSAL SHOCK ELIMINAT03, LNG, 0? LONG- ISLAND CITY, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

BUMPER.

QJigdnsl application filed July 13, 1922, Serial No, 574,638. Dividedand this application filed August 20,

I 1926. Serial No. 130,396.

This invention relates to bumpers, socalled,such as are used on motorcars to receive the shock of impact. with other cars or obstacles on theroad. This invention relates to such articles which are sometimes calledimpact bars, and more particularly to the type known as spring bar orflat spring bar bumpers, in which the impact shock is absorbed by theresiliency of the bumper as distinguished from the types having a rigid'bar with a coil s ring or similar attaching device to absorb t. e shockof impactsolely in the attaching means or junction of the device with arigid part of the vehicle.

More particularly this invention relates to improved features ofconstruction of the resilient or impact flat spring bar having for itsobjects economy in production, durability, lightening of construction,increased strength, and other features the advantages of which will apear from the more detailed specification. A so a particular featureincident to the practice of my invention is the revention of slipping ofthe flat spring bar orming the outer impact member, so as to assure adirect reaction on yielding parts of the bumper by having the impactsurface held against up or down. slipping on the object with which itcontacts.

'While the construction embodying my invention realizes several or allof the objects set forth, a particular embodiment hereinafterspecifically despribed, includes a resilient front impact bar which onits outer vertical face has intermediate and marginal surfaces in oneplane, with the intervening surface slightly depressed adjacent to theflat raised bands and borders. Such deformation of the'outer verticalsurface of the spring bar permits a corrcspondingdeformation of the rearsurface of the bar, with a resultant equal strength against horizontalimpact, with less weight of the bar than if made of lain stock with twoparallel plain sides. at in addition it provides a narrow border neartop and bottom and an intermediate band, aggregating only a fraction ofthe total surface which need be" ground and polished, and as is usual inthe finish of this class of product, the surface, which is nickeLpIated, is very materially reduced in area, thus providing asubstantial economy in various operations mentioned in manufacture. Asthis type of bumper is used on the front of automobiles, and also on therear, they are constantly exposed to the elements and also exposed torough usage by impact and scraping on objects, so that in minimizing theamount of surface subjected to a fine polish, my construction has manyadvantages in durability and retaining its appearance in spite of itsregular usage, with the obvious economy.

As these bumpers extend either forward .or to the rear beyond the otherparts of the vehicle, for the object of shielding other parts of thevehicle against accidental impact, the overhanging weight of the bumpersubjects the attachment to the rigid part of the vehicle to considerablevertical strain, so that an reduction in weight, without sacrificing tiestiffness against im aact or without sacrificin resiliency to a sorbimpact, relieves the ot her parts of the vehicle-as well as-the means ofattachment, in direct propor- 1toion to the saving in weight oftheimpact WVhile various modifications may be made in the practice of myinvention, and particularly as to' the methods of attaching my springimpact bars to the front or to the rear, and a number-of, variations ormodifications have been shown and described in the original application,of which this is a. division,this' divisional application relates tobumper bars having a plurality of flat, bands or strips, more than two,on the impact; face of the bar, and also specifically to such as haveupper and lower border bands and an intermediate impact surface areabetween the bands slightly set back from the plane of the bands.Specific embodiments of the invention are shown in the accompanying'drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is an elevation showing a front view of parts of a motor car andequipped with a bumper containing, the invention.

Fig. 2 is a side elevation, on a larger scale, showing the end of abumper with its attachment to the vehicle frame horn.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of short section of the spring bar memberof the bumper, on a larger scale.

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a short section of a modified form of aspring bar member of a bumper, on the same scale as that shown in Fig.2.

The spring bar 1. constitutes the main or lot bars

' uniform thicizn .n i o inii'iuoiiiiir Ff-$73 v"1 bands J i :ii-o "(warto and. boirizoni iziiei'iiwiiaiio band iii which are pref: GiftlCtliplane s'iiipss along" Li (L 11mins of to i'ilLi horn of the input of ibent ends .111 as the from im' be piain o in'iiziving tho om, J vim. o.1o bait Oi iiiipzicia surface oi the miimiiiugIQOflS coniigutaiioii orpromo as iioi'viii fuiiy described. The ii'npacii SilliW o iim z"iiioi'oforo 01 I extend as shown in i i, iiiromgiioni the from, and.

by niszii'ii' oi r vehicle iii the veiiioio; These may bs o'f the musesect pact sin-face tin-z im in iia". 21 iiimipeithroughout the 1* aspiio fnpilifiibiy made mar mom oi-m may be attached to "lipfi i i theback oi toe bar is to ong 'zigi-i ii fiat hm" i'hn ma *ppoi'i oi."ziiiizmh inguiiinns ioi'tiio bumps, us "Wiiois, Iii'tiio iijfiim shownin 1'). the pi'oiiie of? the sac oi the inn." CFIH'CWQOIX pact faceproiiio DIOVl iiB is six: I

mg suosfisni-is'iiy whisk the sumpei' iii iaiiiciiriiess;

' oision n that is may be pi'mii' from :1, oar o Yin: 11min .1 V of thospring; am of iii-'2 bi pioi iio 2, is :iorm bands or stiipes funningieiigthwiss, that is transverse to ifho voiiicio, forhs various purposesand aiii'ania gas that will now be more specificziiiy for This rantsurface proiiio enoi'uiiy of a banded 01:- Chan no form mziy nojrcociiiceai by milling fiat bar stock, ieavii back surface ofins barMain, 01 may 'ocmod by rolling iii 1o bar, or any other sui s'iiisfabricating method when provided Witi tho iiitemieiiiziiio surfsco,between some bands, Wei-y si' gzitiy of? from the p' 1110 of tile immis,the more than two hands incimio one above ini 0111s below Wiiii. mintoi'n'iodimry band or bonnie iii iii the suns plane, and. eachguii'eci for im'fooiiy plain from; bars;

1 the piuifaiity of,

plains is oii'soi. "from the int J pressed il'f'f2168.

This iio'i'iiiiition of the impact profiis of the r iiig bait PXO'ViQC-San 21%, {or pbiishing ,i/hici only 2 fi'aoiion of the fist-2i surfaceins-i Wouki otherwise, to be poiisiied iii order to ni'ckei-pia'ize D3.otherwise i 's 'foimiy finish the from face of the as in the i annei'heretofore pi'svziisnt. swing the limited band 0' ships-ii surfaces inthe same piano, the grinding; which izii operation to prepare mii-ssuriiicsiis iiiiiil only a ssmiii fraction oi aiezi requires grindingcon'ipsii'sd with what V iisromi'oro :iiitiiiioii to Li'U-E into] ining(isi ressec i siiriiios iietwoeii some i iujis s: imaiiig a moicrportion of the from; of the spring as: and lends itself: mossadvanmgoousiy co sing anti-rusting troatinenii or to ffiiiisiiing as Efinishing oi tiie bands misc- RSSFADB a; 3 is in demarcation between theii min as 'iliifi W bands and the intermediate i hei'eoy psi-unitingfacility and clieiipiies finisii with uniformity in tiis compieie ioriicis.

the formation of tha oiise z bands, to the limit of extent shown siizi.cissoii'beti the i'ssiiienoy oi" the spring bar is-noi, impairs-(i butstiffness and resist" ones L .iiisisniiiiion or twisting and bending aisincreased, While at the some time this rsiaiivoiy gmsisr'siifinossresults with all the CiQSiId fiisitiioiiiizy 3% as oomparekd with, a.heavier ions having it plain iirozit. i'ifhe reism'veiy' protrud ngbands co iifiuzio a girotectioii ii-o finish Such smiimeliiig appiied:to the iiiiermedisuiriace so tim" in their uso subsisntial sd'vsn mgo indumbiiity of agpsai'siice imci otheiwise, is a practical i'esul'tinaddition to thei-eizi iivo iigiitzgic-ss and grog, resiiimay, as Well asstriigm 'tiioiiing, TVEJQi'iih-EOT' LAD weighs 215 oompzireii withsis-in surface ogi-si'm when as-25; on 121 mica-nooils the. impact ofthis improved bumper invoiv'essii Engagement with any nai'iof an otherwhich with the advantage of holding its contact upon impact instead of atendency to slip up or down, whichiafior occurs "with a plain siirface.When such bumper engages the real: bumpgn-of another car ofsimiisiprofiisjor having longitudimiiiy banded Contact sirirfiico,flieengaging; bands registei' with the respective deprw eo surfaces of theother bumper, thus preveniiiig any tendency to force. one of the bumpersup, and Consequently minimizing vthe verticai strain transmitted to thebrackets or clam is which scours the bumpers to the reiaiiviy rigid;pziiriis of the Vehicle. This characteristic insures the transmission ofthe in uniformly in. a direct line zinci. iiofisoi et bands, theirengagement with impact ace of the bumper on another car having imilazprofile, insures rippling that n1inimines the chance of relativevertical movement compared with oilier fosnis of my bumper in which onlytwo offset bends usec. herein cle- The seciion of the bars scribeclWhile conforming to wlmiv may be generally ref rral so as a channelolilei 'oivc in, reality only a very sligl'ii; if.epnzssion cal; z,surface-profiling in he direcion H he lengllz of the bar. Theoll'seiting of toe edges, or the longitiqlinul nortions formingprotruding Stfllili 01 bands of time imp-sci; face, is not such as toconstitute a flange that Woulcl pre vent resiliency. the prefei'red formthey provide borders or hands of sufiicient Wiclin for stiffness anclfor the purpose of accommodating the grin-cling and the polishingwithout having lane tools therefor interfere with the intermediatesurface. Thus as to various objects sin. of manufacture results with sof Fee bar foul: Without impair 1 scicity the purpose of sbsoi' theshed; ancldislribnsi t poo to the desired subs' puiLS oi. the Vehicle,w' out injury l iiliewiso, promotion. of raa'uatois and is the from, thetank in the may, 1 1 111 ii? finished parts of sured n Zildl" to c Q In.all of us my construction involves a greatly diminished Sill face rcqr'ing grinding, and in practice represents in the neighborhood of a savingof three quarters of the Work in finishing the bars as compared with thefinishin and nickel-plating of the entire front surface. Theintermediate surfaces bclwcen the bends may be japanneol in any color tomatch the finish of the other parts of the car, and in any event lendsitself to a dull and relative ly cheep treatment of the surface fior itsprotect-ion. The iniefmeoliate surfaces are, lurthermore, partiallyprotected by like section 3ml protruding bends. Tillie, While rcouciv gthe cost of product-ism the use of my invention is advantageous withrespect to Wearing qualities, with reduced chance of nlsrring of thefinish and even maintaining the a e-ammo when intervening surfaces orbonds are slighlly marred, time reducing the DQCQSSllZy of frequentrefinishing. .ln case of accident, the intermediate surfaces may bereadily reenamelecl Without removing the bar, While the polished bandsmaintain their appearance owing to their finish radically contrastingwith the intermediate dirk or colore surfaces of relatively dull finish.

Whi e various modifications may be made from whale is herein shown andspecifically described, Without departing from the'spii'iis of myinvention, What 1 claim and desire in secure by Letters Patent is:

1. in spring im mcl". for su'iosnobile bumpers, an impact l:;" .'vin atits top and bottom surface ii enact face bowls in she same "verticalplcnefs medial fiat face impact in the same vermicel plane, andintermedi impact surface arses between saiol bends slightly set beckfrom the plane of 'tlie bands, I

2. An automobile bonnie! having a spring impact ear with more than twoflat surface impact fees bends parallel Withilae length oi the banintermediate impact surface areas between said bonds slightly back-setfrom. one of the bancle 3. A. spring impact be? for automobileconsisting; of o fist bar having its impact side formed to a nofilewithonore shim two flat impeci face Dancls of eggr a te WiCllll of morethan onequnriier of fil total width of the bar, and intermediate mm theplane of each impact Tie-cos oflses band surface s fmcmonal extent ofthe tl1i ljl i1 S o the bar.

An c toniobile bumper comprising in 'i'ensverse mi peci; bar

smell action of the hiclmess of the bar and in ing some of said smoothships of i119 Width spproxin'ieting the thickness of the bar.

In testimony whereof, have signed my name to this specification, this 12day of August, 1926.

SAMUEL H. SHAY i

